Are you thinking about importing products into Spain for the first time? Whether you are self-employed or a company, getting started in international trade can seem complicated. At Omnia Aduanas, we explain everything you need to know to import legally, step by step and without mistakes.
Before making your first import, it is important to understand the key concepts of international trade. Here we explain the main ones:
It is a mandatory number for any company or self-employed individual wishing to carry out import or export operations outside the European Union.
It is requested from the Tax Agency (AEAT) and is the first step to operating legally.
The SAD is the official document used to declare an import to Customs.
It includes all the details of the goods, the customs value, and the applicable taxes.
Without a correctly submitted SAD, the goods cannot be cleared or enter the customs territory.
These are the taxes applicable to goods coming from countries outside the EU. Their amount depends on the type of product and its tariff classification (TARIC code). Omnia helps you determine that code correctly in order to avoid errors or extra costs.
When importing, VAT must be paid on the value of the goods + transport + insurance + tariffs.
If you are registered as an economic operator, that VAT may be deductible in your tax returns.
Incoterms define who assumes the costs, risks, and responsibilities of international transport. Choosing the correct Incoterm is essential to avoid conflicts or unexpected expenses. At Omnia, we advise you on selecting the most suitable one according to your type of operation.
Both self-employed individuals and companies can legally import into Spain.
The choice will depend on your business volume, liability, and commercial strategy.
| Aspect | Self-employed | Company (Ltd. / Plc.) |
|---|---|---|
| Tax requirements | Registration in IAE + EORI | Registration in the Companies Register + Tax ID + EORI |
| VAT deduction | Yes, if under the general tax regime | Yes |
| Legal liability | Personal and unlimited | Limited to share capital |
| Image with suppliers | Less formal | More professional and stable |
If you are starting with low volumes, you can begin as a self-employed individual. But if you plan to grow or work with large international suppliers, setting up a company is the most advisable option.
Although the requirements may vary depending on the type of product or country of origin, every import must include at least the following documents:
Do you have a European company without a registered office in Spain and need to import into the Spanish market? This case has specific legal implications: you will need a fiscal representative and a customs representative. We explain it step by step here: European companies without a registered office in Spain: how to import legally.
